This article reviews the extremely disturbing evidence that catastrophic Earth changes may be far more real, and above all, far more imminent than has been thought.
We summarize the work of the Nobel physicist Alfven in establishing the electromagnetic component of any competent future paradigm of the solar system, and indeed, of cosmology in its broadest sense. This is based upon the crucial importance of plasma physics to astrophysics and cosmology - a fact which, for reasons that are discussed, has simply not been taken into account in the establishment orthodoxy of those sciences. Furthermore, this article summarizes James McCanney's theoretical and practical research which leads to the conclusion that NASA is attempting to distract attention from the very real dangers of imminent Earth changes. The purpose of the article is to allow non-specialists, that is to say, the public at large, to make up their own mind on these dramatic matters.
INTRODUCTION There is a sufficient quantity of evidence from a number of scientific and historical disciplines - particularly from the application of plasma physics to the study of the solar system, but also from the geological record of planetary catastrophes and magnetic polar shifts - to make it virtually inconceivable that there will not be major Earth changes within a matter of months or, at most, within a year or two.
In this article, the authors present the evidence for this assertion in such a way that people can make up their own minds as to whether they find it convincing or not. One immediate question that is likely to arise upon being confronted with this entire matter is this: given the very dramatic nature of the predicted Earth changes and extremely serious consequences for everyone and for humanity as a whole, how has it come about that so few people are aware of the dangers? The question is addressed in this article, and, in a nutshell, there are two major answers.
First, the evidence comes from a variety of different sources, none of which are very much at the forefront of people's minds, so that without a major fanfare and wake-up call, the events could easily be upon us like the proverbial thief in the night (Blindsided). Second, the state of solar and cosmic physics is so fragmented and confused that it has been relatively easy for NASA and the official organs of the scientific-military establishment to create a smokescreen of disinformation. Their position is based on the notion that the truth would only create panic in the already roiled market, and that the statutes of the major scientific and technological institutions specifically forbid anything that would "alarm the public".
To James McCanney and the Millennium Group for Truth in Science goes the credit for taking upon themselves the responsibility to inform us all of the purely scientific basis - in terms of an understanding of the physics of the solar system supported by the empirical data flow directly from spacecraft experiments - of the urgency and seriousness of the probability of earthshaking changes. Taken in conjunction with an examination of the geological record of previous planetary catastrophes, the evidence is overwhelming.
PART 1: THE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE: RECOGNIZING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPONENT IN COSMIC PHYSICS
James M. McCanney's book, Planet X, Comets and Earth Changes, is subtitled: a scientific treatise on the effects of a new large planet or comet arriving in our solar system, and expected earth weather and earth changes.
In his book McCanney makes a strong case for
(1) the fact that the new electrodynamic paradigm in astronomy and astrophysics has already been established
(2) that it is being vehemently opposed and denied by the scientific, academic establishment, including and especially NASA;
(3) that there is overwhelming evidence for the reality of and existence of a new large planet or comet arriving in our solar System; and that
(4) NASA and a majority of the astronomic and astrophysical establishment, have a vested interest in completely denying all these points;
(5) that he has written his book in order to place before the public the truth as he sees it;
(6) that the reason for the urgency is that the new intruder into the solar system is going to cause massive earth changes. The question, he states, is not whether the changes will occur, but when.
The authors of this review have written it in the spirit of point (5) above. That is to say, for them there is only one reason for writing the review ~ it is to pass on, as best they can, the evidence that McCanney presents, in order that readers may make up their own mind, and draw their own conclusions [about the incoming comet-planet and its resultant geological changes globally].
THE OLD PARADIGM
The old paradigm for understanding the origin and functioning of the solar system is overwhelmingly dominated by gravitational mechanics. It dates back to Newton when little was known about electricity. Similarly, the Kant-Laplace hypothesis concerning the nebular original of the solar system knows only gravitation; electromagnetism plays no part in either the origin or functioning of the system. The same is true of the next major step in the history of scientific cosmology - Einstein's 1917 "Cosmological Considerations Concerning the General theory of Relativity".
In the 1940's and 1950's, Velikovsky championed the importance of electromagnetic phenomena in the solar system, both in his books, and in his correspondence and discussions with Einstein, in which Velikovsky insisted that "celestial mechanics .without taking into account the electromagnetic fields.is in conflict with the facts." (1952)
ENTER HANNES ALFVEN
At about the same time, this theme was taken up by the mathematical physicist Hannes Alfven, in great experimental and theoretical detail as described below.
The nature and importance of "the fourth state of matter", and specifically of matter in an electrically charged state, has a history that goes back to Crookes in the 19th century. Crookes realized that gasses through which an electrical current has been passed, themselves acquire a charge. In 1928, Langmuir coined the term 'plasma' to describe that mixture of gas, charged ions and electrons. The advent of plasma physics has created a revolution in science which has not yet been fully recognized. Indeed, partly by accident, and partly with cold deliberation, the reality of the plasma revolution in cosmology has been utterly played down.
The groundwork for the new electromagnetic dimension of cosmology, crystallized around a single outstanding figure - Professor Hannes Alfven and his team at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. 1942 marked the beginning of Alfven's application of hydrodynamic theory to plasma physics. He created the magnetohydrodynamic equations describing the motion of plasma as a fluid in electromagnetic fields. He drew attention to the fact that "Waves of electrons and ions are found not only in laboratory plasma but also in the atmospheric and solar plasmas." Such waves are now known as Alfven waves, and for this work, Alfven shared the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics.
In 1946, Landau formulated the equations that describe the interaction between particles and waves in plasma, and about the same time Bohm used the term plasmons to refer to the concerted behavior of electrons in a plasma. Let us take a brief look at the first two editions of Alfven's Cosmical (sic) Electrodynamics, published by the Clarendon Press, Oxford, in 1950 and 1962 respectively. The second edition was co- authored by Falthammar, and the English of both editions has an interesting Scandinavian flavor. In 1954, Alfven published On the origin of the Solar System which, in 1975, was expanded as Structure and Evolutionary History of the Solar System, co-authored with Gustaf Arrhenius.
In the Preface (written in 1948) to the first edition of Cosmical Electrodynamics, Alfven spoke softly, but already sounded a big drum, [warning]:
"Recent discoveries have revealed that electromagnetic phenomena are of greater importance in cosmic physics than used to be supposed. The time now seems to be ripe for an attempt to systematically trace the electromagnetic phenomena in the cosmos."
In the General Survey, Alfven continued : "It seems very probable that electromagnetic phenomena will prove to be of great importance in cosmic physics. Electromagnetic phenomena are described by classical electrodynamics which, however, for a deeper understanding, must be ombined with atomic physics. This combination is especially important for the phenomena occurring at the passage of current through gaseous conductors which are treated by the complex theory of 'discharges' in gas. No definite reason is known why it should not be possible to extrapolate the laboratory results in this field to cosmic physics." (op.cit. p.1)
What emerges from a comparison of the two editions is the consolidation of the densely mathematical and cosmological arguments of the first, into the virtual certainty of the new paradigm in the second. As the authors point out in the preface to the second edition:
The purpose of the first edition...was to draw attention to a field of research in an early state of development...to the fundamental principles of plasma physics and magneto-hydrodynamics...the magnetosphere...interplanetary space, to solar physics and to cosmic radiation. During the 15 years that have elapsed since the first edition was written, the subject has been developed by two of the largest research efforts of our time: thermonuclear research has increased our knowledge of magneto-hydrodynamics and plasmas, and... space research has been devoted to the exploration of the magneto- hydrodynamic conditions around the Earth.
Consequently, the second edition incorporates all the relevant findings from these new fields of research - plasma physics as developed in thermonuclear research etc., along with the early space data into the consolidation of the crucial importance of electrodynamics in astronomy and astrophysics. Thus Alfven states "In cosmic physics, electromagnetic processes have recently attracted a rapidly increasing interest, and it is now generally realized that they are of fundamental importance. In the interior of the Earth there exist electromagnetic processes by which the earth's general magnetic field is generated. In the ionosphere electric currents change the earth's magnetic field, especially during magnetic storms, and also produce luminous phenomena, aurorae, in certain regions around the geomagnetic poles.. In the magnetosphere, a complicated and rapidly varying system of currents [were] found by space research measurements. In certain regions (the radiation or Van Allen belts) there is also a flux of high-energy charged particles trapped in the magnetic field." (Cosmological Electrodynamics, 2nd edition, p.1)
Furthermore, "The conditions in the ionosphere and the magnetosphere of the earth are influenced by the electromagnetic state in interplanetary space, which in turn is affected by the sun. There are a number of solar electromagnetic phenomena sunspots, prominences, solar flares, etc. In ; other stars electromagnetic phenomena are of importance, most conspicuously in the magnetic variable stars." (ibid., p.1.)
Alfven goes on to point out that it was not "until classical electrodynamics had been combined with hydrodynamics to form magneto-hydrodynamics, which further must be combined with plasma physics in order to allow a deeper understanding of electromagnetic phenomena in cosmic physics." (ibid., p.2.)
The term 'plasma' refers to an ionized gas, an ensemble of neutral molecules, electrons, positive and often also negative ions, together with the energy released from the excited atoms. Alfven stresses the crucial importance of plasmas for cosmology. The properties of plasmas are of paramount interest in cosmic physics because most of the matter in the universe is in the plasma state. In the interior of stars, the gas is almost completely ionized. In the photosphere of the sun (and other stars) the degree of ionization is not very high, but above the photosphere, in the chromosphere and the corona, the ionization is again almost 100%. Vast regions of interstellar space, particularly around the hot stars of early spectral type, are highly ionized. In the sun and interplanetary space, probably also in interstellar and intergalactic space, the plasma is penetrated by magnetic fields.As a consequence, the astrophysicist's interest in plasma physics is mainly concentrated on magnetic plasmas." (Alfven, op.cit. p. 134)
In their volume Structure and Evolution of the Solar System , (published in 1975 by Reidel), Alfven and Arrhenius continue to refine their astrophysical model. In their Introduction, they assert that: "Many of the 'generally accepted' theories [in this field] lack a valid foundation" (p.xv) One such theory "which cannot stand critical examination is the Laplacian concept of the formation of the sun and the solar system by non-hydromagnetic processes". (p. xv)
They go on to criticize the fact that wherea, "In most other fields of cosmic physics it was realized already 25 years ago that electromagnetic processes have a dominating influence on the dynamics of cosmic gas clouds (plasmas), the majority of cosmogonic papers published today are still based on the assumption that such forces can be neglected" (p. xv) This is only marginally less true today than when it was stated by Alfven in 1975.
Alfven and Arhenius insist that "The processes involved in the formation of celestial bodies in our solar system requires us to use not only the methods of ordinary chemistry and ordinary celestial mechanics, but also those of plasma chemistry and magnetohydrodynamics generally ignored or incorrectly applied." (op.cit., p. 4)
Here is how Falthammar, a colleaugue of Alfven described the situation in 1988: "It was widely believed that cosmic plasma would have negligible restistivity. From that it was [mistakenly] concluded that the electric field would be a secondary parameter, of little importance. Therefore, electric fields, and especially magnetic-field- aligned electric fields, which we now know to be of crucial importance, were long disregarded. Even today, only a few space missions in the outer magnetosphere have included measurements of electric fields."
"It is a sobering fact", adds Falthammar, "that even after hundreds of satellites had circled the earth, the concept of our space environment was still fundamentally wrong in aspects as basic as the existence and role of electric fields of the near Earth plasma itself." Leaving these earlier but absolutely essential contributions to our understanding of the fundamental electromagnetic component of the solar system, which complement and certainly do not exclude, the classical gravitation/inertia view of celestial dynamics, let us see how and where McCanney fits into the picture.
McCanney took up the baton in 1979 and the early 1980's at the Physics and later the Math departments at Cornell. Given the retardation effect with respect to the electromagnetic component, that Alfen has made clear, it is easy to understand, yet utterly lamentable that McCanney was not given tenure at by either department. The other side of that coin is that McCanney was free to take up the role of "an independent scientist," not subject to the pressures of the scientific community, peer pressure or governmental non-disclosure agreements and funding." (ibid. p. 32) Cornell had certain advantages: the Library was part of the Library of Congress network, so if a book was in print, it was available. Even more importantly, it was a repository of data from NASA. As we read in the introduction to his book, Armed with his existing theoretical work, and this incredible source of information, and with the timing that coincided with the daily arrival of new data from the Voyager and other space craft, he [McCanney] was in a totally unique position to do what he has done. (loc.cit. p.iii) In other words, schematically speaking, McCanney took over where Alfven left off. Here is the core of McCanney's position with respect to the electromagnetic part of the paradigm.
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPONENT OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
(1) "Our solar system acts like a large electrical circuit. Our sun forms an electric capacitor (a separation of electrical charge as done by a simple DC battery in a flashlight).
(2) This solar capacitor has its negative pole at the surface of the sun, and also has a negative pole far out beyond the outer planets in the form of a sparse nebular cloud of dust and gasses.
(3) "An excess current of protons continually generates and supports the solar capacitor by way of the 'solar wind' (literally a wind of such particles leaving the sun and blowing outwards into space).
(4) All stars and galactic nuclei, and even unlit small stars such as our 'planets' Jupiter and Saturn are producing cosmic batteries around themselves.
(5) This is a natural by-product of the nuclear fusion process (the burning of nuclear fuel such as hydrogen, helium, etc.) in the atmospheres of these celestial objects." (McCanney, op.cit. p.10)
(6) "The sun is powered at its atmospheric surface by an electrical fire of hydrogen and helium that we call 'fusion' that is constantly ignited by energetic lightning bolts in its turbulent atmosphere. It is the local electric field at the outer surface of the sun (the solar corona of high energy electrons) that hurls the vast solar flares out into the far reaches of the solar system. The positively charged protons are accelerated outwards, while the negatively charged electrons are retarded, thus causing what I have called the excess current of protons in the solar wind. The sun produces far more energy in the form of electrical energy than it does in the form of light energy." (ibid. p.13)
(7) To give an idea of the stupendous magnitude of solar flares, they "release the force of 10 million volcanic eruptions in a matter of minutes. Furthermore, a single coronal mass ejection (CME) can carry "more than 10 billion tons of hot, electrically charged gas" [i.e. plasma] from the sun's corona into space, " a mass equivalent to that of 100,000 battleships" packing a punch "comparable to that of 100,000 hurricanes" and traveling at "between 1-5 million miles an hour."
(8) "The power of CME lies in its ability to drive currents in the Earth's magnetosphere" and "if the magnetic field carried by the CME has a southward orientation (opposite Earth's northward-flowing magnetic field lines) the magnetosphere gets a major jolt transferring millions of amperes of electric current to the magnetosphere." (Carlowicz and Lopez, op.cit. p.89) This can knock out power lines and electric generators, and disrupt all forms of electronic communication
.
(9) That is as far as the establishment position goes - and Carlowicz & Lopez represent the establishment viewpoint which McCanney denounces, because it deliberately fails to warn against the far greater dangers which the solar storms hold - namely their capacity, when triggered by comets or planets intruding into the solar system, to produce major earth changes such as polar shifts, flash freezing of continents, which certainly occurred in the past.
That Carlowicz & Lopez do in fact mislead their readers is evident from their statement, on p.91, that "storms from the sun cannot harm life on the surface of the Earth."
(10) "In the summer of 2001, at the recommendation of a panel of space and solar physicists, NASA announced the cancellation of the International Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP) program. The Agency decided that 'official coordination of the international missions was a scientific luxury it could no longer afford.' NASA withdrew its support for the (solar) Wind mission, and for participation in Japan's Geotail mission. Funding for some of the key elements of the ISTP success story - the theory and modeling programs, the data centers, the ground-based observatories - was almost entirely cut off." Why? Because the coordination of the data from all of those sources would have let the cat out of the bag and made it a lot more difficult to sustain the TWO ILLUSIONS that
(1) electromagnetism plays a negligible part in solar physics
and
(2) there is no real, imminent threat of major catastrophic Earth
