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THEORY OF CRUSTAL
DISPLACEMENT
Thousands of
animals were found to be frozen in a brief moment of geological time. Ancient
maps of Antarctica suggests that it too was 'frozen over' in a brief moment
in time. It has been
suggested that approximately 12,000 years ago there was a displacement of the
Earth's crust. The entire outer shell of the earth moved approximately 2,000
miles. When the Earth's crust shifted all of Antarctica was encapsulated by
the polar zone. At the same time North American was released from the Arctic
Circle and became temperate. This theory is
based on the theory of Continental Drift - the continents of the earth have
been slowly drifting apart over millions of years. This is possible because
the outer crust of the Earth floats upon a semi-liquid layer. The theory of
Crustal Displacement states that the entire crust of the Earth can shift in
one piece like the lose skin of an orange. Prof. Hapgood who
created this theory documented three Earth crust displacements in the last
100,000 years. Some researchers believe that they happen every 41,000 years
and that the last one happened 11,500 years ago. Hapgood believes that this
cataclysmic shift is caused by imbalanced ice at the polar caps. Over time
ice builds up at the poles reaching as much as two miles in thickness. The tremendous
weight of the ice causes an imbalance on the globe. The ice shifts dragging
the outer crust and the continents in one piece to new positions. The polar
caps are now in a warmer climate where they begin to melt. The polar regions
are now in a temperate climate where they begin to melt where temperate
regions are in the polar regions where they freeze and build up ice. Charles H.
Hapgood was a history professor who began, at the prompting of some students,
to look into the search for the lost continent of Atlantis. That lead him to
the ideas of Hugh Achincloss Brown: that the entire earth could be made to be
repositioned at a radically new angle on its axis of rotation. Hapgood realized
that the entire planet did not have to be repositioned around its axis. Only
the outer crust need move, just as the loosely peeled skin of an orange could
be slid around the unmoved inner slices. This line of thinking was published
in Earth's Shifting Crust (1958), in collaboration with James H. Campbell, a
mathematician-engineer. Hapgood
ultimately revised key parts of his thinking because his calculations
convinced him that the mass of the ice cap on Antarctica could not
destabilize the earth's rotation. That book was
later revised and in 1970 republished as The Path of the Pole by Charles
Hapgood in which he said: "Polar wandering
is based on the idea that the outer shell of the earth shifts about from time
to time, moving some continents toward and other continents away from the
poles. Continental drift is based on the idea that the continents move
individually. A few writers have suggested that perhaps continental drift
causes polar wandering. This book advances the notion that polar wandering is
primary and causes the displacement of continents. This book will present
evidence that the last shift of the earth's crust (the lithosphere) took
place in recent time, at the close of the last ice age, and that it was the
cause of the improvement in climate." Hapgood goes on
to mention to two areas where he finds much of his evidence, in data derived
from studies of geomagnetism and from carbon 14 dating. Although he argued
that such global disruptions happened repeatedly, Hapgood by then was
rejecting the idea that such disruptions could happen quickly. Based primarily
on that technical data, he argued that each shift took approximately five
thousand years, followed by 20 to 30 thousand year periods with no polar
movements. Also, in his calculations, the area of movement never covered more
than 40 degrees. The presence of a truly liquid layer between the core and
the outer crust would allow such slippage, moderated by inertial forces. Looking down on
the current North Pole, we can identify at least 3 previous positions of the
pole, according to Hapgood. These are shown roughly by the numbered red dots
below. In his revised
version, the movements to each of these positions were not cataclysmically
fast, but relatively slow. Each took about 5000 years. According to his
interpretation of the evidence, after each shift the new north pole remained
in place for between 20 and 30 thousand years. If the poles
shift even as little (within 40 degrees) as Hapgood argues, then the equator
moves in significant ways. This is shown below by the red lines on the paired
views of the globe). Each pair shows two views of where the equator would be,
roughly, for each position of the north pole shown above. The changes in
position are especially noticeable by where the equator cuts across the
African continent in each situation--high, diagonally or low, compared to
today. The
3 different time periods North
Pole Position #1 From the Yukon area of North America at about 80,
000 B.P. and moving east by 75,000 B.P to the Greenland Sea. North Pole #2 From the Greenland Sea, starting at about 55,000
B.P. and then moving south-west by 50,000 B.P. towards what is now Hudson
Bay. North Pole #3 From the Hudson Bay area at about 17,000 P.P. and
moving north to its present location by about 12,000 B.P. If the equator
shifts, the line of tropics and sub-tropics also shifts. You can see the
rough locations of shifts from deserts to 'jungles' because of equator
relocations. Notice that what
is now Brazil--and the Amazon--are would be on the equator in all 3
situations. Saudi Arabia (and its potential for oil) would be very close in
each situation. Hapgood's chart of different locations of the
North pole within the last 100,000 years. MAPS
- PIRI RE'IS MAP - HAPGOOD The earliest maps
supposedly were written on clay tablets and come from the ancient Babylonians
around 2300BC. These maps were of land lots and were used to control
taxation. There are maps made on silk from China around the 2nd century BC.
The Mayans and Incas made maps of the territories they conquered. In the
early 1300's navigators developed maps of the Mediterranean and other known
coastlines. Finally in modern times we have perfected the art of map making
and navigation. "Only since the late 1700's has it been possible to
collect & record truly accurate geographic information There is a map
called Piri Re'is - dating from 1513, which was made by a man named Piri Ibn
Haji Memmed, otherwise known as Piri Re'is. This man was an Admiral in the
Turkish navy. Today we only have a fragment of the original map. Piri claimed:
Charles Hapgood performed
a detailed analysis of this map. He worked with students from Keene State
College, as well as with cartographers from the US Air Force. After a
detailed analysis, several interesting observations were made. Conclusions: · The map
provided remarkably accurate latitude and longitude locations of coastal
features of Africa, North and South America, and a portion of Antarctica.
(This point is contested by many people and is addressed later in the section
on Antarctica) · The
source maps themselves utilise the principles of plane geometry and an
ability to account for the curvature of the Earths surface · The knowledge of longitude suggests either a people, or a mechanism, that are currently unknown to us. (This is because the ability to determine longitude with any degree of accuracy is not known before AD 1700 (?) ). · The map
is based on an equidistant projection with its centre on the meridian of
Alexandria in Egypt Professor Hapgood
presented a number of exhibits in his book, The Maps of the Ancient Sea
Kings to support these claims. He also presented a plethora of empirical
evidence to back up these points. To understand the
method of projection examine the following map. This is a section of an
equidistant projection centred on Memphis Egypt. This map was produced by the
US Air Force. Note the similar distortion of the coastline of the Americas
between Piri and this map. This map shows
the superimposition of the portolan type projection on the equidistant
projection. Note that the numbers on the outside of the largest circle
correspond with projection points on the map of Piri Re'is. The degree of
accuracy contained in the Piri Re'is map is extraordinary. Given that the
author of this map himself claimed to have based this map, not on his own
surveying skills, but rather on ancient maps going back to the 1400's and
earlier, serious questions about the development of navigation as we
currently understand it. This
is the Oronteus Finaeus World Map of 1532 - showing Antarctica. Hapgood and his team converted this map from its
current projection method into a modern projection method. The first image is the map as it was drawn by
Oronteus Finaeus. Next they converted it to a modern projection
method as shown below. Compare the above with a modern map of Antarctica
to see at a glance just how close they were. This demonstrates
that sometime in the history of the earth, before at least the 1500's a sea
faring people existed that could circumnavigate the globe and accurately
survey its features. Atlantis,
Mammoths, and Crustal Displacement Rand Flem-Ath and
Graham Hancock all write that an unknown advanced civilization existed on the
Antarctica continent and was destroyed by cataclysmic shifting of the crust
of the Earth. Rand and Rose Flem-Ath
in their book When the Sky Fell claim that the lost advanced
civilization of Graham Hancock was Atlantis based upon a very liberal, loose,
and speculative interpretation of the myth of Atlantis as told by Plato.
Regardless of whatever a person chooses to call it, the main claim is that
the remains of advanced, lost technological civilization lie buried beneath
Antarctica. One has to wonder
- if such a civilization existed, why have the ruined cities, infrastructure,
and other artefacts of a lost advanced civilization that made the source maps
for the Piri Reis, Oronteus Finaeus, and Buache maps and inspired megalithic
architecture not been found? According to
Graham Hancock Fingerprints of the Gods and Rand Flem-Ath, the
solution is that the remains of this civilization lie buried beneath the
Antarctic ice cap where it was destroyed and buried by Earth crustal
displacement. |
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